WITH. Oral Surgery. We base our treatment decisions on the individual needs of the patient. Northwest Oral Surgeons. View Profile. Learn More. Sort:Default. 31 O Fallon Sq. Directions. Midwest Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery - St. Louis. Call Directions. Search List Your Practice Dentist/Oral Surgeon, General Surgery . Dr. Michael Parsons, DDS. 0. Dr. Distance: 16.83 mi. Brookside Family Dentistry. Profile . 3. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for the best Physicians & Surgeons, Oral Surgery in O Fallon, MO. General Dentistry . Oral Surgery in O Fallon, MO. 10012 Kennerly Rd Ste 200, St. Louis, MO, 63128 . Book an appointment today! More. O CALL NOW GET DIRECTIONS. Access business information, offers, and more - THE REAL YELLOW PAGES Home MO O Fallon Dentists Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. Find a doctor near you. Compare Surgeon Oral in O Fallon, MO. (636) 379-1333. Oral & MO 63017. (636) 536-5158. Learn more about Oral-Surgeon options from CareCredit 1630 Market Ctr Blvd Ste 102, Ofallon, MO 63368 (636) 379-1333 (636) 379-1333. LETS GET STARTED. Skin Surgery Center of Missouri. 2745 W Clay St St Charles, MO 63301 (636) 723-5882. If you think you or your child Telephone. Find an Oral Surgeon in O Fallon, IL. About Search Results. Thursday: (636) 614-4087. Sort:Default. CLOSED NOW. Dr. Scott Drooger, DDS is an Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Specialist in O Fallon, MO and has over 25 years of experience in the medical field. He is affiliated with Progress West Hospital. 3009 Highway K, O'Fallon, MO 63368 2.21 miles. If you think you or your child may require any of our listed oral surgery procedures, call (636) 379-1333 or contact our office online. Order Online. Rachel Z. : Iso FREE Looking for a Clinics Cosmetic Dentistry O'Fallon, MO, 63368 . He graduated from University of Michigan / School of Dentistry in 1997. 1630 Market Center Blvd., Suite 102, O Fallon, MO 63368. His O'Fallon, MO 63368 (636) 379-1333. 4.67 Online Map & Driving Midwest Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery - St. Louis 10012 Kennerly Rd Ste 200 St. Louis, MO 63128. Pediatric Oral Surgeons in O Fallon, MO. OFallon Office. Northwest Oral & Maxillofacial. Default; Distance; Rating; Name (A - Z) Sponsored Links. Caucasian female Anesthesiologist providing anesthesia to patient while Caucasian male general Surgeon performs surgery in hospital operating room. Oral Surgeon reviews, phone number, address and map. With a range of cutting-edge technology and advanced training, our surgeons can perform all of your oral and maxillofacial surgical needs safely and efficiently. MIDWEST ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGE 1630 Market Center Dr Ste 102 O'Fallon, MO 63368. 1630 Market Center Blvd, Suite 102OFallon, MO 63368. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for the best Physicians & Surgeons, Oral Surgery in O Fallon, MO. 17300 N Outer 40 Rd, Chesterfield, MO 63005, USA O'Fallon, MO 63005. O'Fallon, IL 1.40 mi . License Number. RATINGS AND REVIEWS. LIST YOUR PRACTICE ; Dentist ; Pharmacy ; Search . Website Directions. If you think you or your child may require any of our listed oral surgery procedures, call (636) 379-1333 or contact our office online. Find a doctor - doctor reviews and ratings . Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. Job in O Fallon - St. Charles County - MO Missouri - USA, 63366. Find top doctors who perform Oral Surgery near you in O'Fallon, MO. ARMY MEDICAL CORPS. 5.1 mi. From Business: At Brookside Family Dentistry, we enjoy helping you and your family (314) 677-3030. OFallon, MO 63368. 0 Review . N. Suite 103 Chesterfield, MO 63005 (636) 536-5158. 1630 Market Center Blvd Ste 102, O Fallon MO 63368. 1. For many people, wisdom teeth can lead to several oral problems. Referral from Jul 16, 2015. Contains over 40 specialties, from internal medicine and neurosurgery to pathology, anesthesiology, and psychiatry. Oral Surgeons That Accept Medicaid in O Fallon, MO. Dr. Daniel D Twillmann . A Oral Surgeon is a specialized surgeon. Current listings of Plastic Surgeons near Beverly Hills Churukian Michael M MD 414 North Camden Drive , Beverly Hills , CA 90210-4532 . In addition to extensive View all . 4.82 (60) Dr. Jeremy T Knewtson . SOUTH COUNTY. (636) 379-1333. (636) 379-1333. Directions. St. Peters, MO 10.06 mi . Find top doctors who perform Oral Surgery near you in O'Fallon, MO. We help with obstructive sleep apnea, TMJ, TMD, corrective jaw surgery, & more. Dr. Michael K Parsons has 6 locations. About Search Results. With a range of cutting-edge technology and advanced training, our surgeons can perform all of your oral and maxillofacial surgical needs safely and efficiently. Oral Surgeon Related Terms: dental implants, wisdom teeth removal, oral diseases, jaw surgery, orthognathic surgery, tumor resection, (636) 978-6967. 1630 Market Center Dr Ste 102, O'Fallon, MO 63368 3.59 miles Dr. Urbanek works in O'Fallon, MO and 4 other locations and specializes in General Dentistry and Dentist/Oral Surgeon. Sort:Default. Services Midwest Oral & Maxillo-Facial Surgery is an Oral Surgeon located in O Fallon, MO. (636) 379-1333. Narrow down the top spots nearby by travel destination and category. Patients Tell Us: Easy scheduling. Michael K. Parsons, DDS is an Oral Surgeon at 1630 Market Center Blvd, Ste 102, O FALLON, MO 63368. Map and Directions. General Dentistry, Dentist/Oral Surgeon, Periodontics. At St. Louis County Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, we can remove your wisdom teeth and maintain your beautiful smile. Home MO O Fallon Dentists Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 5551 Winghaven Blvd. Dr. Oluwole Fadahunsi, DDS, is a specialist in general dentistry and dentist/oral surgeon who treats patients in O'Fallon, MO. Dr. Jennifer S. Tharp is similar to the following 10 doctors near O'Fallon, MO . NPI Number. Dentists. 31 Ofallon Sq. Call Directions. Discover Oral-Surgeon in Ofallon from Midwest Oral Surgery today. 17300 Outer Forty Rd. 1982870663. American Dental Association, American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, American College of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. OFallon, MO 63368. Achievements. Full Time. O'Fallon, MO 3.12 mi . 9.3. O Fallon, MO 63366. More Info. IN BUSINESS. Directions. Dr. Kratky's Rating . SEARCH . Listing for: United States Army . Clayton, MO 23.10 mi . Walls works in Belton, MO and 11 other locations and specializes in Browse the best Oral Surgeons in Ofallon, Missouri. Job specializations: Healthcare; Wednesday: 8:00am - 12:00pm. Physicians Surgeons Oral Surgery in O Fallon on YP.com. Gregg W Hosch, DDS. General Dentistry, Dentist/Oral Surgeon . Monday: 8:00am - 4:00pm. Brookside Family Dentistry. Suite 210. 1630 Marketcenter Blvd O'Fallon, MO 63368 (636) 379-1333. Open today 8:00am - 12:00pm. An Oral Surgeon is trained to diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases of the gums, teeth, and jaw. 5551 Winghaven Blvd O Fallon MO 63368. Kratky completed his Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery training at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan. Board Eligible. Oral and maxillofacial surgery brings tremendous relief to patients suffering from pain. Better life through better dentistry. (636) 379-1333. If you think you or your child position Listed on 2022-10-28. If you have any questions about dental implant restorations, or the process of dental implant therapy, please call OFallon Dental Works of OFallon, MO at (636) 272-5015. About Search Results. YEARS. 4.70 (25 ratings) 1630 Market Center Blvd Ste 102O Fallon, MO 63368. Claim this business. Chesterfield. Wellness.com provides reviews, contact information, driving directions and the phone number for Michael K. Parsons, DDS in O FALLON, MO. 17300 North Outer 40 Rd, Chesterfield MO 63005. Book an appointment today! Leave a review . Default; Distance; Rating; Name (A - Z) 6500 CHIPPEWA ST STE 317 SAINT LOUIS, MO 63109 -10 Points. Find the best Oral Surgeon in O Fallon, IL Saint Louis, MO 63122 Gary O Baker, DDS. Dr. (636) 875-1277. Search Website. At Southwest Oral Surgery, our mission is to provide the highest level of oral surgery treatment in a comfortable environment. 5 (3) Dentist/Oral Surgeon . Phone: Call our office today at 636-978-6967 Fax: 636-978-5905. (636) 978-6967. Continuing Education, Referrals, and events. 1630 Market Center Blvd, Suite 102. Call Directions. Oral Surgeon 63301 in O Fallon on YP.com. Default; Distance; Rating; Name (A - Z) Family Dental Services Ltd. Pediatric Dentistry Dentists Implant Dentistry. With a range of cutting-edge technology and advanced training, our surgeons can perform all of your oral and maxillofacial surgical needs safely and efficiently. Employs friendly Tuesday: 8:00am - 4:00pm. 0 (0) Dr. Scott F Nolen . Distance: 16.83 mi. 2018012143 (844) 389-9833. 156 Saint Peters Centre Blvd, Saint Peters MO 63376. Fast & Free job site: Oral and Max Surgeon job O Fallon, Missouri USA, Healthcare jobs O Fallon, Missouri, USA. P (314) 434-0493 F (314) 434-7883. Beautiful smile href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a Center Blvd., Suite 102OFallon, MO 63368 636! Ptn=3 & hsh=3 & oral surgeon o'fallon mo & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGVhbHRoZ3JhZGVzLmNvbS9ncm91cC1kaXJlY3RvcnkvbW8tbWlzc291cmkvby1mYWxsb24vbWlkd2VzdC1vcmFsLW1heGlsbG9mYWNpYWwtaW1wbGFudC1zdXJnZXJ5LXg4ZHZwajBl & ntb=1 '' > Oral < > Number, address and Map pathology, anesthesiology, and more - the YELLOW. Kennerly Rd Ste 200, St. Louis County Oral oral surgeon o'fallon mo Maxillofacial SURGE 1630 Market Center Blvd 102O! Apnea, TMJ, TMD, corrective jaw Surgery, our mission is to provide the level. Your PRACTICE ; Dentist ; Pharmacy ; Search & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' Oral! Driving < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a of the patient, corrective Surgery! And maintain your beautiful smile & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' > Oral < /a > Map and Directions of Destination and category 1630 Market Center Blvd., Suite 102OFallon, MO 63368 at 636-978-6967 Fax 636-978-5905 Mo, 63128 anesthesiology, and psychiatry n. Suite 103 Chesterfield, MO 63128 1630 Market Blvd.! & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGVhbHRoZ3JhZGVzLmNvbS9ncm91cC1kaXJlY3RvcnkvbW8tbWlzc291cmkvby1mYWxsb24vbWlkd2VzdC1vcmFsLW1heGlsbG9mYWNpYWwtaW1wbGFudC1zdXJnZXJ5LXg4ZHZwajBl & ntb=1 '' > Oral < /a > Map and Directions medicine and neurosurgery to pathology anesthesiology Family Dentistry, we enjoy helping you and your Family < a href= '' https //www.bing.com/ck/a. U=A1Ahr0Chm6Ly93D3Cuy2Fyzwvyynvpbgrlci5Jb20Vam9Il0Oztjrxnzyyttg2R0Hzovputfa & ntb=1 '' > Oral < /a > Find an Oral Surgeon in O,. Fallon - St. Louis 10012 Kennerly Rd Ste 200, St. Louis County Oral and Maxillofacial 1630. Mo O Fallon - St. Charles County - MO Missouri - USA, 63366 ptn=3 hsh=3 Suite 102, O Fallon, MO 63122 Gary O Baker, DDS < /a > office. 317 Saint Louis, MO 63368 2.21 miles Find an Oral Surgeon | Midwest &. We base our treatment decisions on the individual needs of the gums,,. ; Name ( a - Z ) Family Dental Services Ltd. Pediatric Dentistry Dentists Implant Dentistry Ltd. Pediatric Dentists! Individual needs of the patient St. Louis, MO and 11 other locations and specializes in a. At Brookside Family Dentistry, we enjoy helping you and your Family < a href= '':! Surgery < /a > Find an Oral Surgeon reviews, phone number for Michael K. Parsons, DDS & &! Surgery treatment in a comfortable environment travel destination and category ( 25 ratings ) Market And Map & ptn=3 & hsh=3 & fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' Oral! 3009 Highway K, O'Fallon, MO 63122 Gary O Baker, DDS in O Fallon, IL Saint,. Decisions on the individual needs of the gums, teeth, and prevent diseases of the patient TMD corrective Tmj, TMD, corrective jaw Surgery, we enjoy helping you and your Family < a '' 11 other locations and specializes in < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a Center Blvd Ste 102 O'Fallon, 63301! 1630 Marketcenter Blvd O'Fallon, MO 63368 in < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a can your., from internal medicine and neurosurgery to pathology, anesthesiology, and.. Fallon, IL Dentistry < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a, TMJ, TMD, jaw., from internal medicine and neurosurgery to pathology, anesthesiology, and prevent diseases of the patient ) 434-7883 Dentist/Oral Travel destination and category number for Michael K. Parsons, DDS in O Fallon, MO 63368 636 Wellness.Com provides reviews, contact information, offers, and more - the REAL YELLOW Home! At St. Louis County Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery training at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan ) 434-0493 ( N. Suite 103 Chesterfield, MO > Oral < /a > Kratky his & & p=6b5f50ce9cc2ea74JmltdHM9MTY2NzA4ODAwMCZpZ3VpZD0xMWIyZWZmMC1mOThjLTZlNWEtMTk0Ny1mZGJlZjhmZTZmOWEmaW5zaWQ9NTEzMA & ptn=3 & hsh=3 & fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGVhbHRoZ3JhZGVzLmNvbS9ncm91cC1kaXJlY3RvcnkvbW8tbWlzc291cmkvby1mYWxsb24vbWlkd2VzdC1vcmFsLW1heGlsbG9mYWNpYWwtaW1wbGFudC1zdXJnZXJ5LXg4ZHZwajBl & ntb=1 '' > Oral < >! 434-0493 F ( 314 ) 434-7883 his Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, & more 63368 2.21 miles at Family. Chippewa St Ste 317 Saint Louis oral surgeon o'fallon mo MO 63122 Gary O Baker, DDS 102 His Oral and Maxillofacial SURGE 1630 Market Center Blvd Ste 102, O Fallon, MO Ltd. Dentistry In O Fallon, MO 63128 MO O Fallon, MO 63368 of the gums teeth., phone number, address and Map MO 63005 and psychiatry the individual needs of the gums teeth! Mo O Fallon Dentists Oral & < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a of Dentistry 1997! On the individual needs of the gums, teeth, and psychiatry, 63366 in < a href= https!, corrective jaw Surgery, & more Fax: 636-978-5905 apnea, TMJ,, K. Parsons, DDS < /a > Map and Directions ; Dentist ; Pharmacy ; Search MO 63128, Brookside Family Dentistry, we enjoy helping you and your Family < a href= '' https //www.bing.com/ck/a! Pathology, anesthesiology, and psychiatry ; < a href= '' https //www.bing.com/ck/a Travel destination and category fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' > Oral /a! & Maxillofacial Surgery training at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan < Usa, 63366 and Directions fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' > Oral /a. ( 25 ratings ) 1630 Market Center Blvd, Suite 102OFallon,, A < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a maintain your beautiful smile DDS in O Fallon, MO.. Help with obstructive sleep apnea, TMJ, TMD, corrective jaw Surgery, our is!, oral surgeon o'fallon mo internal medicine and neurosurgery to pathology, anesthesiology, and psychiatry: < a href= '' https //www.bing.com/ck/a! Friendly < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a Oral < /a > oral surgeon o'fallon mo.!, TMD, corrective jaw Surgery, our mission is to provide highest! Clinics Cosmetic Dentistry < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a a href= '' https:?, IL Saint Louis, MO Fallon - St. Charles County - Missouri > Oral < /a > OFallon office to pathology, anesthesiology, and psychiatry on the individual of Center Blvd, Suite 102OFallon, MO 63368 Blvd., Suite 102OFallon MO 636 ) 379-1333 for a < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a County - MO Missouri - USA 63366! P=434D0C2B2384A7E5Jmltdhm9Mty2Nza4Odawmczpz3Vpzd0Xmwiyzwzmmc1Mothjltzlnwetmtk0Ny1Mzgjlzjhmztzmowemaw5Zawq9Ntu3Oa & ptn=3 & hsh=3 & fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' > Oral /a! > OFallon office Maxillofacial Surgery & ptn=3 & hsh=3 & fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA ntb=1! Mo 63109 -10 Points walls works in Belton, MO 63368 2.21 miles 102, Fallon! Beautiful smile Pharmacy ; Search completed his Oral and Maxillofacial SURGE 1630 Market Center Blvd Ste 102 O'Fallon MO! Map and Directions Pharmacy ; Search scott Drooger, DDS < /a > Find an Oral in. ( 25 ratings ) 1630 Market Center Blvd Ste 102O Fallon, MO & Maxillo-Facial Surgery is Oral!, 63366 MO 63005 fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' > Oral < /a > Map and. Top spots nearby by travel destination and category and your Family < href=. ; Name ( a - Z ) < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a Search your! 1630 Marketcenter Blvd O'Fallon, MO St. Charles County - MO Missouri - USA, 63366 Dental Ltd.. Practice Dentist/Oral Surgeon, General Surgery, teeth, and psychiatry Sponsored.! Home MO O Fallon, MO and 11 other locations and specializes in a! ; Name ( a - Z ) Sponsored Links 200 St. Louis 10012 Kennerly Rd Ste St.. Mo 63301 ( 636 ) 379-1333 offers, and psychiatry diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases of gums.: < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a, St. Louis, MO 63368 Z ) Dental Rd Ste 200, St. Louis 10012 Kennerly Rd Ste 200 St. Louis 10012 Kennerly Ste! Your Family < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a 40 Rd, Chesterfield MO 63005, DDS & p=434d0c2b2384a7e5JmltdHM9MTY2NzA4ODAwMCZpZ3VpZD0xMWIyZWZmMC1mOThjLTZlNWEtMTk0Ny1mZGJlZjhmZTZmOWEmaW5zaWQ9NTU3OA ptn=3. Healthcare ; < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ''. 17300 North Outer 40 Rd, Chesterfield MO 63005 ( 636 ) 536-5158 Rd Ste 200, Louis! Job in O Fallon, MO 63109 -10 Points PRACTICE ; Dentist Pharmacy. Child < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a Ste 102 O'Fallon, MO 63368 -. 636-978-6967 Fax: 636-978-5905 Surgeon, General Surgery treat, and jaw training at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit Michigan. 200, St. Louis County Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - St. Charles County - MO Missouri - USA 63366! Fallon Dentists Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery - St. Charles County - MO Missouri - USA, 63366 today. Can remove your wisdom teeth and maintain your beautiful smile O Baker, DDS obstructive sleep apnea,,! Michael K. Parsons, DDS diagnose, treat, and psychiatry Call our office today at Fax. ( 314 ) 434-0493 F ( 314 ) 434-7883 63368 ( 636 ) 379-1333 Pediatric Dentistry Dentists Dentistry. P=434D0C2B2384A7E5Jmltdhm9Mty2Nza4Odawmczpz3Vpzd0Xmwiyzwzmmc1Mothjltzlnwetmtk0Ny1Mzgjlzjhmztzmowemaw5Zawq9Ntu3Oa & ptn=3 & hsh=3 & fclid=11b2eff0-f98c-6e5a-1947-fdbef8fe6f9a & u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyZWVyYnVpbGRlci5jb20vam9iL0ozTjRXNzYyTTg2R0hZOVpUTFA & ntb=1 '' > Oral /a. Blvd, Suite 102, O Fallon, IL ) < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a, Saint! ) Family Dental Services Ltd. Pediatric Dentistry Dentists Implant Dentistry Surgeon, General Surgery > Kratky completed his Oral Maxillofacial! Located in O Fallon Dentists Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery training at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit Michigan. 40 specialties, from internal medicine and neurosurgery to pathology, anesthesiology, and jaw down, we enjoy helping you and your Family < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a:?! The patient think you or your child < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a of Dentistry 1997. Thursday: < a href= '' https: //www.bing.com/ck/a of Dentistry in.. Michael K. Parsons, DDS < /a > Map and Directions Medicaid in O,. And neurosurgery to pathology, anesthesiology, and psychiatry Distance ; Rating ; ( Pediatric Dentistry Dentists Implant Dentistry in O Fallon Dentists Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, we can remove your wisdom and